In the Fall of 2005, in the months after Hurricane Katrina’s devastating hit on the Gulf Coast, a group of civic-minded New Orleans residents formed the Bayou District Foundation. Their vision was to assist in the rebirth of the City of New Orleans by helping to restore the areas in and around New Orleans City Park. Today that vision is a reality. Bayou District Foundation is a 501(c)3 non-profit whose members include highly engaged community leaders within both the City of New Orleans and the State of Louisiana.
Bayou District Foundation is constructing a mixed income residential community on the site of the former St. Bernard Public Housing Development and in surrounding neighborhoods. Bayou District Foundation is building a world class 0-5 early education center for 150 low income children and is working with New Schools for New Orleans to introduce a K-8 charter to the Pilotland neighborhood. To complete this 'cradle to college' pipeline; BDF is partnering with the Orleans Parish School Board and the Recovery School District to bring a world class college prep high school to the Bayou District. The Bayou District Foundation effort also includes the restoration of New Orleans City Park’s golf facilities.
The East Lake Model
The Bayou District Foundation concept is based on the successful model of the East Lake Foundation in Atlanta, Georgia. The famous East Lake Golf Club, where golf legend Bobby Jones played his first and last round of golf, had deteriorated throughout the 70’s, 80’s and 90’s. Crime, drug trafficking, and poverty in the surrounding area had increased to the point where one police officer called the neighborhood "Little Vietnam.” In 1995, through the East Lake Foundation, Mr. Cousins created a public/private partnership with the Atlanta Housing Authority and set out to rebuild and renew the neighborhood through a mixed-income model, while simultaneously restoring the golf club to its former glory. As the project developed, a charter school and a YMCA were added to the plan. East Lake is now a thriving mixed income community with a great local school system bordering public and private golf facilities. These facilities provide recreational avenues to the neighborhood with profits from golf operations directed to support programming within the East Lake Community. The Bayou District Foundation, through the assistance of the East Lake Foundation, is working to replicate the East Lake model in New Orleans.
St. Bernard Housing Community
Following the passage of the U.S Housing Act of 1937, the St. Bernard Project was built to serve low-income New Orleans residents in the 1940s. Initially, the housing community consisted of 744 units in 74 buildings constructed on 31 acres of land. St. Bernard expanded in 1949, adding 700 more units. With this expansion St. Bernard Housing Community became the largest public housing development in New Orleans.
St. Bernard initially was more than a housing project. A support system of necessary community services slowly became part of the area. Among these were the Union Baptist Theological Seminary and Asia Baptist Church, which operated a day care center. Built in 1980, the St. Bernard Area Community Development Center was an effective educational, social service and recreational resource for families in the area.
Despite the positive attributes of the development, the St. Bernard Housing Community became widely recognized locally and nationally for its deterioration—both physically and as a safe community. In the two decades prior to Katrina, the St. Bernard Housing community saw the number of available housing units drop from 1400 to 900 because of poor maintenance and upkeep. Overcrowding became a huge issue in addition to a precipitous rise in violent crime (10 homicides in 2003 within the 52 acre community) as the drug trade overwhelmed the local community.
In addition to these serious problems, the St. Bernard Housing Community was serviced by some of the weakest public schools in the City of New Orleans. The two schools located in the community, Vernal J. Waters Elementary School and Phillips Jr. High School, were underperforming academically and had extreme security, maintenance and financial issues. Realizing the need for transformation, KIPP (Knowledge is Power Program) was awarded a charter by the Orleans Parish School Board to take over Phillips Jr. High School thirty days prior to Hurricane Katrina.
Hurricane Katrina
The entire Gentilly and Bayou St. John community was devestated by Hurricane katrina on August 29th, 2005. The St. Bernard Public Housing Community was flooded by 4 to 8 feet of water. The two schools located in the community, Vernal J. Waters Elementry and Phillips Jr. High School were also substantially damaged. Flooded for over 3 weeks, the buildings and schools that make up this community were damaged beyond repair.
Prior to Katrina only 963 units out of 1300 units within the St. Bernard Housing Community were eligable to be occupied. Given this fact and the enormous damage cuased by the hurricane, the City Council of New Orleans voted in December 2007 to raze the St. Bernard Housing Development and three other developments around the city. The buildings were demolished in the 1st and 2nd quarter of 2008 and a 'clean site' was delivered in July 2008.